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SOURCES
Foodstat.com data, observations, forecasts and analyses have
been based on the following:
Primary research comprising personal/telephone interviews conducted
with the relevant supply, manufacturing, retail and distribution
industries. Confidential interviews held at various levels from
chief executives to managers of marketing and sales functions. Also
included have been representatives of distributors, technologists,
importers, exporters and wholesalers, as well as trade associations
and governmental agencies representing various facets of the industry.
Review and analysis of secondary sources such as trade journals,
databases, business libraries, publishers and distributors of trade
literature, newspapers, publications of various trade associations
and independent studies by both governmental and international agencies.
Review and analysis of statistics published by relevant companies,
trade associations and national statistics offices of the countries
under review as well as those published by the European Union (EU),
the European Free Trade Association, the United Nations (UN), the
FAO and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD).
Foodstat.com's own international database containing both extensive
and exclusive qualitative and quantitative data from a wide range
of published and unpublished sources.
Information gained from visits to major international trade exhibitions
and international store surveys have been used to support data.
Due to the variations in data collection that still exist throughout
some parts of the EU, there are often a larger number of data available
for certain countries as opposed to others. For this reason, together
with the fact that the larger markets are often those of most interest,
a greater degree of detail is available for Denmark, France, the
former West Germany and the UK. For the smallest markets of Greece,
Ireland and Portugal, where fewer data are available, a summary
only may be given, or estimates made. Generally, tables are given
for all EU member states although the amount of detail and market
commentary might vary.
Official statistics issued by various member states may sometimes
be influenced by political categorisations and therefore do not
always agree with each other. Other distortions may be due to variations
in product classification, which Foodstat.com has attempted to rationalise.
Markets measured
The EU market for food and drink has been broken down in accordance
with categories generally recognised by the industry. Ultimately,
categorisation is determined by the available statistics which can
and do vary from country to country. The size and complexity of
the analysis made herein is reflected by the numbers of food categories
covered. Every effort has been made to maintain consistency and
uniformity and to comply with the following categorisations.
For each of the following categories, data are given for volume
consumption (in thousands of tonnes or million litres) and kilos/litres
per capita. This data is consistent and expressed for each country
as well as for the total EU. Market values are derived from local
currencies but can be expressed in euros or US$. However, conversions
are from annual average exchange rates and may mislead if there
have been any sudden changes in exchange values.
(NB: For smaller countries such as Austria, Finland, Greece and
Portugal it is not always possible to give data on every sub-sector
listed, although the vast majority are covered)
The EU food and drink market has been broken down by main product
category and sub-category as follows:
Carcass meats
pigmeat
beef and veal
poultry
sheepmeat
frozen meats
frozen poultry
offal
Meat and savoury products
sausages and other comminuted meat products
bacon and ham
other meat products
canned and ambient ready meals
frozen ready meals
chilled ready meals
pies, quiches, pizzas, snacks, etc.
Fish and shellfish
finfish, (whole, fillets, dried, smoked, canned, other)
fish products
crustacea products
mollusc products
Dairy products
drinking milk and liquid products
milk powders
cream and condensed milk
cheese
butter and yellow fats
yogurt and associated products
desserts
ice cream
Cereals and baked goods
rice, pasta and flour
bread (white and other)
biscuits (sweet, chocolate-coated and savoury)
cakes and pastries
frozen cakes and baked goods
breakfast cereals
Snacks and confectionery
chocolate confectionery, by type
sugar confectionery, by type
potato crisps
extruded and other savoury snacks
nuts
pot snacks
Soups, sauces and dressings
soups (fresh, canned, dry, instant)
bouillon and similar
sauces (condiment, cooking, dry)
dressings
pickles
condiments
oils and fats (for culinary purposes)
Fresh, and other produce
fruit, vegetables, potatoes and pulses
frozen fruit, vegetables and potato products
jams, honey, etc.
sugar
sweeteners
Baby foods
milks
meals
cereals/Rusks
drinks
Pet foods
dog food
cat food
food for other animals
Beverages
tea
coffee
chocolate and cocoa-based
other hot beverages
Soft drinks
fruit juices
carbonates and concentrates
mineral water
Alcoholic drinks
beer
wines and sparkling wines
spirits
Markets by packaged/processed foods
meat
fish
dairy
baked goods
snacks and confectionery
soups, sauces, dressings
other foods
drinks
National markets analysed and forecast:
| Austria |
Belgium/Lux |
Denmark |
Finland |
| France |
Germany |
Greece |
Ireland |
| Italy |
Netherlands |
Portugal |
Spain |
| Sweden |
UK |
|
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Time-scale
| Base Year(s): |
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004(e) |
| Current Year: |
2005 (p) |
| Forecast Years: |
2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 |
Data collection and analysis
In a project of this size and complexity there are certain points
to note regarding the data presented. Most data are based on national
statistics although these often have their drawbacks. Firstly,
national statistics may not provide all the detail required. Secondly,
they are often one or two years out of date. Thirdly, detail and
categorisations can vary, and finally, they often only account for
so-called "industrial production". For certain products and countries
this last point can make a significant difference between that which
is consumed from industrial production and that which is actually
consumed. This is because much "production" can take place at retail
and local level. This may be particularly relevant in parts of
France and Italy, for products such as cakes and patisserie, sausages,
beefburgers and ice cream. Where this factor is believed to be
significant, references are made in our replies.
Many data that are found in press articles refer only to supermarket
retail sales, as this data is readily available. In the Foodstat.com
database, data refer to total consumption, including the catering
(foodservice) sector. This can make a large difference to some
markets such as those for alcoholic drinks, soft drinks and sauces.
Overall, it is estimated that the catering sector accounts for more
than 20% of all EU expenditure on food and drink, although this
varies widely from sector-to-sector and from country-to-country.
An area for further potential discrepancies is that of "double-counting".
For example, whilst we have measured the total market for carcass
meat it would be incorrect to then make a simple addition of all
other meat products, as some meat products will be produced from
carcass meat.
Foodstat.com has attempted to "iron-out" problems of inconsistency
and out-of-date information by using a combination of trade estimates
and its own database, resources and experience. Those who have
attempted to obtain data on an international scale will be aware
of the differences in categorisation and reporting that exist.
Throughout this website Foodstat.com has attempted to maintain consistency
so that figures may be compared on a like-for-like basis. Often
this requires certain estimates to be made but where this has been
done estimates have been based on a combination of computer forecasts,
logic and experience.
Apparent consumption
Generally, consumption figures are technically "apparent consumption"
as these are the only official data available. They take no account
of stock held in store at either the beginning or end of any particular
year. Apparent consumption is arrived at by the following formula:
production |
+ |
imports |
+ |
exports |
- |
================ |
|
apparent consumption |
= |
"Disappearance" can be a better measure of total consumption as
it is arrived at by the same formula but with the addition of taking
account of stocks held at the beginning and end of the period. Some
products, such as butter and cheese, have a much higher disappearance
than retail sale as they are also used extensively in both the catering
and industrial sectors and this difference is generally reflected
in a much higher figure.
Definitions
In statistics, definition is everything. We can quote many cases
where there may be several figures quoted for just one market. The
reason for such apparent discrepancies is most often found to be
"definition". Whilst every care and effort has been made in the
compilation of such a vast amount of data there will undoubtedly
be areas where there may be disagreement as to the actual size of
a particular market. Manufacturers often use their "own market"
definitions to clarify the area in which they operate and these
may not conform to Foodstat.com definitions. However, where such
cases exist, the most important factor is considered to be the underlying
trend. For example, if a reader considers a particular market to
be overstated by 10%, then a reduction of 10% on all associated
figures should give an acceptable representation for that reader.
As mentioned, a prime area for apparent disagreement is that many
companies throughout Europe are used to seeing retail market figures.
These are often taken from research, which is highly self-consistent
but which may underestimate the true market sizes due to its method
of consumer sampling and concentration on supermarket sales.
Whilst each figure here been checked thoroughly, a database of
this magnitude (containing an analysis of more than 40,000 pieces
of data) must always contain some possibility for error or disagreement.
What Foodstat.com has attempted to do for the very first time is
to generate a complete, self-consistent web-based model for all
15 EU member states for the whole of the food and drink market.
Forecasting
Personnel at Foodstat.com have more than 20 years experience in
forecasting food and drink markets. A market forecast is the future
size of the market or market sector in volume or value that is considered
likely in the years covered. In most tables this is denoted by the
letter f. The forecasts generated in this report are the result
of computer-based predictions combined with detailed analysis by
experienced analysts and forecasters. Forecasts are also viewed
by country and against the total EU(15) food market and take into
account per capita, demographic and consumer trends.
Generally, the latest "official" published figures for a market
are two years old. These can be updated by using manufacturers'
estimates. In some of the data contained herein such figures are
referred to as "latest estimates" or denoted by the letter e.
The tonnage tables presented in this report usually refer to thousands
of tonnes and are rounded accordingly. Often, these figures are
derived from more accurate data. As percentage growth columns refer
to the more accurate figures, they may not always appear to concur
with the rounded tonneages. Total columns, too, may be slightly
distorted for the same reason. As a result, percentage growth and
total figures are mathematically correct whilst tonneages have been
rounded to the nearest 1,000 tonnes.
Acknowledgements
Finally, the authors wish to acknowledge with gratitude the assistance
given by the many statistical offices, trade associations and all
others whose help has been invaluable in the compilation of the
data contained in Foodstat.com. These sources include:
Austria
Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Erzeuger Alkoholfreier Erfrischungsgetränke
Kaffee- und Tee-Verband
ÖHTV Österreichische Heimtierfuttermittel Vereinigung
ÖSTAT Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt (Austrian Central
Statistical Office)
Verband der Brauereien Österreichs
Verband der Spirituosenindustrie
Verband der Süßwarenindustrie Österreichs (Federation of Confectionery
Industry of Austria)
Belgium
CBB Confédération des Brasseries de Belgique
FBVS Federation Belge des Vins et Spiritueux asbl
Institut National de Statistique
OBCE Office Belge du Commerce Exterieur
Union des Torrefacteurs de Café
Denmark
Bryggeriforeningen
Chokolade- og Konfekture-Industriens Brancheforening
Danmarks Statistik
Mejeriforeningen (Danish Dairy Board)
Finland
Elintarviketeollisuus ry (Finnish Food and Drink Industries)
Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute
Statistics Finland
France
Alésial-Services
CIV Centre d'Information des Viandes
FACCO
L'Alliance 7
OIV Office international de la vigne et du vin
Germany
Arbeitskreis Moderne Getränkeverpackung e.V.
BSI Bundesverband der Deutschen Spirituosen-Industrie e.V.
Bundesmarktverband der Fischwirtschaft e.V.
Bundesverband der Deutschen Süßwarenindustrie e.V.
Bundesverband der deutschen Weinkellereien und des Weinfachhandels
e.V.
BVE Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Ernährungsindustrie e.V.
CMA Central Marketing Organization of German Agricultural Industries
Deutsches Weininstitut GmbH
Federal Statistical Office, Federal Republic of Germany
IVH Industrieverband Heimtierbedarf eV
Waren-Verein der Hamburger Börse e.V.
Zentrale Markt- und Presiberichtstelle
Greece
Greek Brewers Association
Ireland
Central Statistics Office
The National Dairy Council
The Soft Drinks Association
Italy
Associazione Industrie Dolciarie Italiane
FEDERALIMENTARE Federazione Italiana dell'Industria Alimentare
ISTAT Istituto Centrale di Statistica
Unione Industriali Pastai Italiani
Unione Italiana Vini
Luxembourg
Fédération des Brasseurs Luxembourgeois
STATEC Service Central de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques
The Netherlands
CBS Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek
NFI Vereniging Nederlandse Friskdranken Industrie
VKH
Wijninformatiecentrum
Norway
NBMF Norsk Bryggeri-og Mineralvannindustris Forening
Statistisk sentralbyrå
Portugal
Instituto Nacional de Estatística
IVV Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho
Spain
Cerveceros de España
Federación Española de Asociaciones del Dulce
INE Instituto Nacional de Estadística
Sweden
Köttbranschens Riksförbund
SCB Statistika Centralbyrån
Switzerland
Chocosuisse/BISCOFA
Oberzolldirektion
Schweizerische Käseunion AG
Schweizerischer Bierbrauerverein/Société Suisse des brasseurs
United Kingdom
BCCCA The Biscuit, Cake, Chocolate & Confectionery Alliance
DEFRA
MLC Meat and Livestock Commission
EU
CIAA Confederation des Industries Agro-Alimentaires de l'UE
Eurostat
FAIBP Federation des Associations de l'Industrie des Bouillons
et Potages de la CEE
FEDIAF Federation Europeenne de l'Industrie des Aliments pour Animaux
Familiers
IOCCC
Worldwide
FAO
IDF International Dairy Federation
International Dairy Products Council
International Trade Centre (UNCTAD/WTO)
World Trade Organization
Important note
Foodstat.com is constantly being updated and improved as new information
becomes available. Our database was first established in 1987 and
has been developing ever since. Whilst every effort has been made
to achieve the best, most consistent data available on the European
food and drink market, Foodstat.com regrets that it cannot be held
responsible for any errors or for any business decisions based upon
this data.
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